One last question for both professor Bower and Mr. Liu, what are some challenges that you think companies are facing nowadays worldwide, especially in this kind of financial situation。nvp

　　最后一个题目，您们以为当前全世界且面临的挑战都有哪些，尤其是在目前金融危机的情况下？nvp

　　Professor: well, we are facing a very very unusual situation. Most of us have no preparation for it because we began working in the fifties, sixties, seventies, and we have not seen a downturn like the one we are seeing. So that is going to take a lot of work, a lot of thoughts. The important thing is that to see a lot of happening as the opportunity. So in some of the companies where I am involved, we are saying to people, look, you have thoughts that reducing costs by 10% is doing the good the job, lets think about reducing costs 15%. What’s involved in doing a good job for our customer, but taking 15% out. How are we going to that, what’s that. So that’s one kind of problem, then another kind of problem is the people of the organization, this is gonna be over, and we are going to want it grow. How can we assure that what we are doing in the short term to survive is not going to hurt us in the long term. Those were two really important questions. We need to think about radical change but we have to be sure that we don’t really damage the organization in the process。 nvp

　　教授：我们现在正面临着极不平常的情况。大多数人没有为此种局面做好预备，我们从50，60，或70年代开始工作，我们从没有见过像这次这样的下滑。所以我们要做很多，思考很多。重要的是我们要把很多发生的事当成一种机会。所以在一些公司，我们会说，你们以为将本钱削减10%就是很好的事情了。让我们考虑一下15%，我们应该怎么做。所以这是一个题目。另一个题目就是组织当中的人。危机总会过往，而且我们希看发展成长。我们怎样确保短期为了生存所做的努力不会损坏我们的长远利益。这是两个重要的题目。我们要考虑大的改变，但我们也不能破坏组织的发展进程。nvp

　　Particularly, for Chinese companies, we need to have a long term perspective for this crisis, regarding the people issue, I think it’s time now for the company to commit to their own people. It’s not the other world, not the way around. We have seen some companies, they try to cutting costs, cutting salaries, that’s just very short-term measures, without much benefit from the long term. I think it is time for the company to show commitment now at crisis, and how we can work together. You want to cut the salary, the CEOs, the senior managers need to cut their salaries first, not just form the bottom up. Really keep the moment, maintain the moment, most companies。nvp

　　刘总：尤其是对于中国的企业，在人才的题目上，我们对于这次危机要从长远的角度考虑。我以为现在是企业重视它们自己的人才的时候了。我们见过一些公司的做法，它们尝试着削减本钱，减少工资。这些只是短期的措施，对于长期的发展没有帮助。我以为现在应该是企业在危机中展现精神的时候了，以及我们怎样共度危机。假如想要减少薪资，那么要从CEO、高管开始，而不是自下而上。大部分的企业应该把握住机会，把握现在。nvp

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